Andrew Carnegie
- Born:
- November 25, 1835, Dunfermline, Scotland
- Died:
- August 11, 1919, Lenox, Massachusetts, USA
- Nationality:
- Scottish-American
- Profession(s):
- Industrialist, Businessman, Philanthropist
Early Life and Education
- Emigrated to the United States with his family in 1848.
- Started working at age 13 in a cotton factory.
- Educated himself through libraries and personal study.
Career and Major Achievements
- Worked as a telegraph messenger boy and later as a telegraph operator.
- Invested in the railroad industry, making significant profits.
- Transitioned to the steel industry, founding Carnegie Steel Company.
- Pioneered the Bessemer process for mass-producing steel.
- Expanded Carnegie Steel into the dominant steel producer in the United States.
- Sold Carnegie Steel to J.P. Morgan in 1901, forming U.S. Steel.
Notable Works
- Triumphant Democracy (1886)
- The Gospel of Wealth (1889)
- Established numerous libraries, concert halls, and educational institutions.
Philanthropy
- Donated the majority of his wealth to charitable causes.
- Established the Carnegie Corporation of New York.
- Funded the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace.
- Supported the establishment of public libraries across the United States and worldwide.
- Created the Carnegie Hero Fund Commission.
Legacy and Impact
Andrew Carnegie's impact is multifaceted, encompassing his contributions to the steel industry, his transformative philanthropy, and his enduring legacy in promoting education and peace. For educators looking to explore his life in depth, resources such as andrew carnegie biography summary worksheets can provide structured learning experiences.
Notable Works
- Carnegie Hall (New York City)
- Carnegie Mellon University (Pittsburgh)
- More than 2,500 public libraries.